The 904: Reflection Paper -- Crime

In 2005 Jacksonville gained the title of â€Å"Florida's murder capital† (Florida Times-Union, 2005; Murphy, 2005). According to the results of â€Å"The 904 Project† in 2011 Jacksonville still holds the title. According to Sherriff Rutherford during the time the study came out Jacksonville has shed that title (Patterson, 2011). Does Jacksonville hold the title or not? It depends on who you ask. In reflecting on what the 904 Project has brought us it is important to not only look at the results of the study, but also what we already know about media and the criminal justice system and what the study might have inadvertently illustrated about Jacksonville’s media, it’s leaders, and the crime problem itself. What research shows is that media and crime are intertwined and that there is an effect on the criminal justice system and its policies. Surette discusses the two tenets concerning criminal justice and the media. The first is the â€Å"backwards law† which states that anything the media portrays is in fact the opposite of what is really happening (2010, p. 182). He goes on to explain that this distortion is due to how news is presented in either an episodic format, the following of a single incident or case, or thematic format, a flowing of trends, and how both formats only show a small fraction of the reality (p. 183). The other is the â€Å"rule of immanent justice.† Surette defines immanent justice as â€Å"the belief that a divine higher power will intervene, and reveal and punish the guilty while protecting the innocent† (p. 186). He argues that the media perpetually illustrates that criminality is inborn and that society seeks immanent justice and supports crime fighters, such as police, in helping combat the issue of crime (pp. 186-187). While... ...e&db=edsbl&AN=RN066843348&site=eds-live Surette, R. (2010). Media, crime, and criminal justice: Images, realities, and policies Cengage Learning. Treen, D. (2006a, Girl's killing sparks pleas for an end to the violence community and city leaders discuss plans to stem the killings. Florida Times-Union, the (Jacksonville, FL), pp. A-1. Treen, D. (2006b, Murder rate on grand jury list shorstein says he has discussed it with panel. Florida Times-Union, the (Jacksonville, FL), pp. A-1. Treen, D. (2011, Results are in: Duval no longer murder capital miami-dade takes title as violent crimes in duval county down 19%. Florida Times-Union, the (Jacksonville, FL), pp. A-1. UNF Department of Criminology & Criminal Justice. (2011). No longer #1? Retrieved January, 2012, from http://www.unf.edu/uploadedFiles/aa/coas/ccj/904_project/No%20Longer%20number%201%20-%20Data.xls

Ideas, Attitudes, Values, and Beliefs about Education and the Linguistic devices applied to Texts 2 and 3 of the Anthology

Text two Comprehensive was written by Carol Ann Duffy, and was taken from her first major collection Standing Female Nude, which was published in 1985. Since becoming a mother, Duffy has become more interested in writing for, and about children. Comprehensive is a literary piece written in first person narrative that represents speech however, it is intended to be read silently. The poem deals with the ethnic minorities, and the attitudes of different children living in Britain. The first stanza is about a young girl from Africa, and she explains how she prefers Africa to England. We get the impression that this girl is no that happy living in England. â€Å"We talk a lot about the things we used to do in Africa and then we are happy† (lines 6 and 7). In the second stanza, the sentences are a lot shorter and harsher. It is about a 14yr old boy named Wayne who is from England, who we would stereotype as â€Å"White Trash†. We get the impression from the sentence structure and the abrupt language used, that this boy is not very well educated. In fact, the young African girl in stanza one seems to have better English than the boy in stanza two due to better sentence structures that flow a lot more easier. This boy also shows in this stanza that he is racist. â€Å"Paki-bashing† (line 9) and â€Å"I don't suppose I'll get a job. It's all them coming over here to work† (lines 12 and 13) Here we see his prejudices, and how he is blaming â€Å"them† for him thinking he'll never have a job. Referring to these people as â€Å"them† shows how little he thinks of them. We can link stanza two to stanza 4, which is about a girl from England who sees life as boring. The sentences here are stilted and the use of idiomatic and colloquial language, gives the impression of the typical teenager, white trash stereotype displayed in the children written about from England. Also, linking to stanza 2, it is also subtly racist, â€Å"Marlon Frederic's nice but he's a bit dark† (line 23). Stanza 6 also links with 2 and 4, due to the racist prejudices displayed. Also, this person shows how he has been fed what he wants to be in the future, suggesting that children in England have no real dreams and ambitions of their own, so they live off what is expected of them. â€Å"I'm going into the Army. No choice really† (lines 36-37). But also, we see how this boy wants to emigrate and live in Australia. Although Australia is an English speaking country, he'll still be in exactly the same position as the ethnic minorities living in England (A pomme in an Au ssie's Society). From the stanzas which are about the children in the ethnic minorities, we see them all link together by the way they explain how happy they were when they lived in there place of origin. And how important it is for them to stay close to their families and loved ones. â€Å"Families face Mecca† (line 16) everyone coming together to pray! The last stanza is about how family is very important to one boy, and also how difficult he is finding it to adjust to a strange school where he doesn't understand what his teacher is telling him â€Å"The teacher told us to drink our milk. I didn't understand what she was saying so I didn't get any milk† (lines 43-45). At the end of the last stanza, we see how this person is ambitious and has hope for the future, opposed to those who have grown up here. Text three The Play Way was written by Seamus Heaney, the winner of the Noble Prize for literature in 1995. He became a full-time writer after studying and teaching at Queen's University in Belfast until 1972. The Play Way is taken from his first selection of poems, Death of a Naturalist, published in 1966. The Play Way is a literary piece, written in first person narrative and scripted to be read aloud. The poem is about a more relaxed way of education, as suggested by the title. This poem is written in quatrains (equal 4 line stanzas), with enjambment to make the poem flow easily and seem more relaxed. In the first stanza, he personifies the music â€Å"The music strides to challenge it† (line 3). In stanza 2, we see the generation gap between pupils and teacher. The children are not sure who Beethoven is, or what type of music he composed, as a child's perspective of music would be the type of music, which would appear mostly to them. â€Å"Can we jive?† (Line 8) is an expression we would link with the Rock ‘n' Roll type of music, or in this case the type of music which appeals to the children. We see that the music seems to have a magical quality for the teacher as it grabs the children's concentration. â€Å"†¦ Working its private spell behind eyes that stare wide† (lines 13 and 14). Comparing this poem to Text 25, The First Time, by Evelyn Waugh, Paul (a teacher in the poem) had to get the class on his side, but was forced to use a more firmer method to gain the control he wanted which set the text firmly in it's time. It shows The Play Way is a more modern and relaxed way of teaching. â€Å"Their blundering embrace of the free† (line 16) suggests that the lesson was a successful one. In the last stanza, he describes how he sees progression in â€Å"New Looks† (line 19), and how they have sub-consciously, found out more about themselves â€Å"To fall into themselves unknowingly† (line 20).

The Influence Of Organisational Culture Versus National...

The Influence Of Organisational Culture Versus National Culture Within The Global Group of Companies Author: Table of Contents: Executive Summarynbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Page 3 Company Backgroundnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Page 4 Research†¦show more content†¦Company Background: VOLE Worldwide Inc commenced trading in November 2002 and offers the world’s first managed Voice over Internet Protocol (VOIP) communications network. Providing a videophone package similar to a mobile/cell phone plan, VOLE manages the service which includes provision of a videophone for free use, while the customer just talks. For an affordable flat-price monthly fee, the customer enjoys unlimited video-talk time in addition to full videophone support. The company was founded in Singapore, where the unique VOLGATE software that powers the VOIP network was developed and where VOLE Worldwide has its headquarters. It has a strong Singaporean heritage evidenced by the head office management team being exclusively from the Far East region, although the CEO personally has substantial work experience in the United States. Far Eastern shareholders in the company are currently in the majority, with one significant European investor, but as the company grows and expands its shareholder base through venture capital investment, there is likely to be a more international spread of investors. Growth was initially concentrated regionally with individual VOLE trading companies being set up in Malaysia, Thailand, The Philippines and Indonesia. In November 2003, VOLE UK was formed, probably a little earlier than originally planned in the global rollout, and very quickly a number of European territories have also commenced trading in Germany,Show MoreRelatedAviation Safety And How Effective Crew Resource Management Training1513 Words   |  7 Pageseffective safety culture within aviation depends on a combination of professional, national, organisational and just cultures (Hamilton, 2016). This essay gains insight into the potential positive and negative effects of these cultures in aviation safety and how effective Crew Resource Management training is, how it has systems have evolved and been implemented to optimise safety. The goal of this approach to cross-cultural environments is not to eliminate culture or create a homogenous culture, howeverRead MoreHofstede S Cultural Dimensions791 Words   |  4 Pagesrelationship between culture and consumption is exponential. 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He strongly claimed that management is a function of culture and that culture influences the way managers behave. In explaining this relationship he used a model where differences in national cultures were categorised into five dimensions. Read MoreCultural Differences and People Management2364 Words   |  10 Pagesunderstand by the term ‘national culture’? And why do you think that French (2010:44) argues that ‘Culture remains a core concept both for students of business and managers in work organisations’? 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Global financial crisis happened during 2009 due to collapse of international market hit china hard initially but its economy was the first one to rebound and return to growth. Now in 2014 country s Purchasing Managers IndexRead MoreApplication of a Theoretical Framework Used in the Study of Organisational Culture to Conduct an Analysis of an Organisation’s Culture4731 Words   |  19 PagesSTUDY OF ORGANISATIONAL CULTURE TO CONDUCT AN ANALYSIS OF AN ORGANISATION’S CULTURE 1 APPLICATION OF A THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK USED IN THE STUDY OF ORGANISATIONAL CULTURE TO CONDUCT AN ANALYSIS OF AN ORGANISATION’S CULTURE Northumbria University B(A) in Business with International Management Culture and Organisation HR0372 Total Word Count: 3285 APPLICATION OF A THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK USED IN THE STUDY OF ORGANISATIONAL CULTURE TO CONDUCT AN ANALYSIS OF AN ORGANISATION’S CULTURE Abstract

Research on Internet Cafe - 1785 Words

An internet cafà © or cybercafà © is a place where one can use a computer with Internet access, most for a fee, usually per hour or minute; sometimes one can have unmetered access with a pass for a day or month, etc. It may serve as a regular cafà © as well, with food and drinks being served. | | [pic] Cyberia: one of the worlds first Internet cafà ©s, London, 1994 The internet cafe phenomenon was started in July 1991 by Wayne Gregori in San Francisco when he began SFnet Coffeehouse Network. Gregori designed, built and installed 25 coin operated computer terminals in coffeehouses throughout the San Francisco Bay Area. The cafe terminals dialed into a 32 line Bulletin Board System that offered an array of electronic services including FIDOnet†¦show more content†¦In the early days they were important in projecting the image of the Internet as a cool phenomena. Internet cafà ©s are a natural evolution of the traditional cafà ©. Cafà ©s started as places for information exchange, and have always been used as places to read the paper, send postcards home, play traditional or electronic games, chat to friends, find out local information. Cafà ©s have also been in the forefront of promoting new technologies, for example, the car in 1950s California. As internet access is in increasing demand, many pubs, bars and cafes have terminals, so the distinction between the Internet cafe and normal cafà © is eroded. In some, particularly European countries, the number of pure Internet cafà ©s is decreasing since more and more normal cafà ©s offer the same services. However, there are European countries where the total number of publicly accessible terminals is also decreasing. An example of such a country is Germany. 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Amadou Diallo An Immigrant From West Africa - 1001 Words

Amadou Diallo was an immigrant from West Africa and had only two years in the United States which he knew very little English. He came to the United States to study and make a name for himself. Diallo was 22 year old male, with no criminal record. However, in the night of February 5, 1999 four New York police officers which names are Sean Carroll, Edward McMellon, Kenneth Boss, and Richard Murphy were patrolling the area looking for a serial ripest. This police officers were undercover so they did not had their uniforms and were patrolling in a civilized Ford Taurus. Diallo fit the descriptions of the serial ripest so officers stop in front of Diallo to ask him questions regarding the suspect. When the four officers got out of the vehicle and approach Diallo, they yield out â€Å"New York Police† identifying themselves to Amadon. Moreover, they also showed their badge to the suspect. However, Diallo turned around towards his house and reach for his pocket. Office Sean Carroll, saw Diallo getting out a squared item and immediately imagined it was a gun and yield gun (alerting the other three officers). With no hesitation, all four offices reach for their gun and started shooting at Diallo. Forty-one bullets were fired at Diallos direction, nineteen hit him. Diallo died instantly. After the offices stopped their shooting, they search Amadon, and realist that he was reaching out for his wallet and not a gun. It is unclear if Diallo knew if they were officers or thought that he wasShow MoreRelatedMass Medias Effects on Sterotyping992 Words   |  4 Pagesthere is need for focused study efforts on practical strategies to challenge and ultimately eradicate stereotypes. Stereotypes are generated and altered on the basis of first-hand encounters with stigmatized groups, as well as recycled information from mass media, acquaintances, as well as family. While both express and circumlocutory sources of stereotype lessening are acknowledged, the mass of the resear ch on inter-group relationships has concentrated on direct examination of stereotyping conductRead MorePolice Brutality in America1972 Words   |  8 Pagesminorities. Even though the people are happy with the police present in their community, one incident can change the way the community feels towards the Police. Consequently, the higher the crime rate in your community, the likely hood you will suffer from police brutality. Studies have shown that police brutality is and will be a part of your community. In some cases, the officer or officers will be acquitted of the charges. That message is hard to take in when you are the community and the police should

Interactive Management of Human Resources MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Interactive Management of Human Resources in Uncertainty. Answer: Introduction HRM initiative in big companies are often chosen or opted after the identification of some potential flaws in the inside operation of a company. The initiative is thus required to nullify the rising threat and improve the declining performances. These could be anything such as incapable performances of employees, inefficient performances of supervisors and the less capable manager. These are some of the instances, which initiate the necessity for the HRM to look on the issue and come up with some solid solutions (Armstrong and Taylor 2014). The chosen organization is an ABC lighting company in Sydney, which is not performing up to the expected level. The declining sales of the company in the recent past have forced the HRM to look into the subject matter and identify the correct reason behind the issue. The HRM of the respective company have tried to approach the higher management but could not find any appropriate reason. This is because the manager of the company is also not aware of the exact issue behind the recent declining sales of the company. However, the meeting with the CEO of the company did help in analyzing the main problem behind the declining sales. Nevertheless, the problem is in the approach of the manager, which is not open to some of the most advanced technologies, which are important for being competitive in the market. The main purpose of the assignment is tom develop a program to infuse the necessary changes in the manager, which are important for attaining the maximum competitiveness in the market. Moreover, it is also intend to analyze and evaluate the success of the manager development program. Business case is nothing but a project, which is undertaken with a view to provide maximum benefits to the organizations both in terms of customer service and in terms of its financial performance (Armstrong and Taylor 2017). Human capital investment and financial consideration Human capital investment is nothing but the expense, which the manager development program would consume. This affects the financial resources of the company especially when the targeted company has a small sized business. To those companies, which are small sized, they need to be more specific with their budget planning as minor changes in the expenses might incur some big losses to their overall benefits. In such situations, it is necessary that these companies use a portion of its past revenues and profits in the development program. This is safe under the situation of declining sales of the company. Using the percentage of sales is a useful method to be protected from the burden of a big investment costing on the development program (Aswathappa 2013). The chosen HRM initiative for the chosen ABC Company is A major manager development program. This is because of the fact that the ABC Company is suffering of some losses in business terms in recent past. The identified problem behind the losses is unavailability on the social media platform and absence of an e-commerce website. These are such factors, which are very important for a contemporary business. This is because the modern day business is also benefitted by offering some user-friendly atmosphere of shopping and connecting to the customers on the social media platforms. The particular assignment is thus intended to address the mentioned issues by communicating it effectively in the entire organization. This would help in attaining a maximum support from all the stakeholders of the company. The rising urgency in the ABC Company is related to the modernization of the existing business style. The reason behind the modernization is the declining sales of the company, which is majo rly the contribution of unavailability of E commerce website and the social media interactions. The HRM o the country has already taken some initiative to incept and introduce an E commerce website to respond to the rising urgency. This is because of the fact that the HRM is planning for a PR related activities, which they would use it to highlight the future changes. This is very important, as this would allow the company in coming closer to the customers with their new plans (Bamberger, Biron and Meshoulam 2014). Cost-benefit analysis Cost benefit analysis is a very important tool and widely used before incepting any new activities in the management to reduce a rising threat and attain the highest benefit. Jules Dupuit postulated the tool in 1840s. The tool became widely popular in the year 1950s. The name of the tool suggests that it is for measuring the cost to benefit effect of a newly added program (Berman et al. 2012). Following are the stages, which govern the measuring of cost to benefit effect of the newly added change: Brainstorming the costs and the benefits This section of the tool provides the brainstorming of the required areas, which needs financial supports. Moreover, this also allows the imagination of the benefits, which might be incurred from the tool (Bratton and Gold 2012). Costs monetary values assigning This is nothing but the giving of actual costing to the identified changes and the required resources. This can be done with the help of the first step, which was about brainstorming the total costing and the required resources that needs the identified expenditures. This is very important as it gives an utter idea about the costing of the manager development program in the mentioned company (Budhwar and Debrah 2013). Monetary values assignment to the benefits This is perhaps the most challenging task in the entire Costs-benefit analysis tool as because of the fact that benefit of the program is volatile, which is subject to vary. It depends on the market volatility and the counter actions of the changed or the developed format of the manager (Delahaye 2015). Comparing costs and benefits This is the last step of the tool, which helps in analyzing the total output of the development program. It helps decide whether the changes have outweighed the costs or vice-versa. The difference of costs and benefits can be calculated by using the following formula of Costs-benefit analysis (Flamholtz 2012): Total costs / total revenues (or benefits) = time length (the period of payback) Return on Investment Return on investment (ROI) is the widely used mantra in the modern day business, which has no such specific rule and calculation formula. Moreover, it is just calculated by comparing the outcome of the development program (Swart et al. 2012). This is an undeniable fact that ROI is very important for any of the activities, which the organizations conduct for the betterment of their socio-economic status. However, this depends on the organizational objective, which can be short-term objective or long-term objective that varies in and across different organizations. The easiest way to calculate the ROI is to check the profit number and compare it with the total incurred costs in the development program (Ulrich 2013). If the difference of both the term is in minus territory, the program can be termed as an unsuccessful venture. However, if the results are in the positive territory, the program is a success. Despite of the fact that there is no established formula of calculating the ROI, however, it still keeps utmost importance in different organizations across the globe. This is because of the fact that it supplies an utter significant way of judging the valuation of the investments. Moreover, it provides the power to analyze and evaluate the proposed program. ROI is very handful for the ABC Company, as this would provide a specific system to calculate the net outcome of the implemented changes. ROI is very important, as this would allow the ABC Company in having a control on the expenditures. Moreover, this would also help it from the high-budgeting issues in future. This is for the fact that the process encourage for returns, which is the real purpose behind the changes. Nevertheless, ROI would help the ABC Company in moving towards a more controlled way to be safe from the losses. Moreover, the purpose behind ROI is a calculative movement towards the change, which does not put any further strain on the Company (Gil-Aluja 2013). The evaluation of a development program can be evaluated with the help of many factors such as follows (Grant 2016): Analyzing the reflection of the manager development program on the manager such as by checking the changes, which the manager is making if it is there Analyzing the business proficiency by comparing the past sales to the present sales after the spending of a period post development program Analyzing the customer responses post the development program on the performance of the company Analyzing the sales figures, if it has soared then the development program is a success Analyzing the total effect of the development program on the financial performance of the company Evaluation can also be made with the help of two most widely used tools or processes such as Costs-benefit analysis and ROI (Stredwick 2013) Above-mentioned factors are very important because one of them provides a calculation method to judge the profitability of the development program and another provides a process to judge the profitable outcome of the development program respectively Apart from all the factors, which would be used for evaluating the effect of the changes, Costs-benefit analysis and ROI are the two most powerful in this context. This is because the changes are brought for generating the revenues by stopping the declining sales. Nevertheless, nothing could be better than the mentioned two methods in evaluating the changes of the program. This could be done by differentiating the organizational goals such as the short-term goals and the long-term goals. A comparative study of the financial behavior of the company and the respective returns on the investment over the mentioned period would let this know whether the program is successful. Business case summary The business case chosen was the development of the manger of the ABC Company, which is suffering a significant business loss because of its traditional style of doing business. The ABC Company is a lighting product company, which specializes in providing the cheapest pricing to the several kinds of lighting products. The company is well known for its customer service standard and the post sales service. However, the company is facing stiff competition from some of its competitors in Sydney, which is affecting its overall profit and revenues (Hendry 2012). This is because of such reasons that the HRM of the company had a meeting with the manager to know exactly the reason behind the failure. However, the manager is itself not aware of the main reasons behind the declining sales of its products. Hence, the human resource personal and the manager of the company had a meeting with the CEO of the company. They had a long meeting. After analyzing the widely spread pattern of doing busines s of other companies and their relevant success with some other tool had then enabled them in reaching to a conclusion. It was identified that the main problem behind the declining sales were its absence on the e-commerce platform and its less connectivity with the media personals (Phillips, Stone and Phillips 2012). This is because of such reasons that the manager needs to be developed on the finding tools. This is helpful in meeting up with the proposed changes. The developed manager can efficiently help its followers on how to use the e-commerce website and to interact with the media personals (Sparrow, Brewster and Chung 2016). This is very important for the company that the manager is developed with all kinds of expertise, which could encourage the manager for taking efficient and competitive ways. The traditional form of managerial expertise is needed to be mixed with the advanced business tools and platforms, which are a good source for the generation of high sales. This is n ot the only reason behind the opting of the e-commerce platform and social media interaction as these tools have more in store to provide to its inhibitors. Following are some of the benefits, which the e-commerce and social media interaction can provide to the ABC Company apart from just increased sales (Stahl, Bjrkman and Morris 2012): E-commerce helps connect to those customers who rarely visits to the shops but are active users of internet E-commerce would also help the ABC Company in analyzing the cost-effective pricing to its lighting product, which could also prove its superiority on the e-commerce platforms E-commerce is an easy way to interact to a large number of customers in and across the globe, which is never possible by being just confined to a shop Social media interaction by means of Public Relation activities are a good source to promote the product in front of a large customer base such as those who have participated in the campaign and those who are watching the campaign on the TV or other media resources The inception of e-commerce platform for providing the shopping options to the customers on the mentioned platform would certainly help the ABC Company in enlarging its customer base and enhancing its sales figures. This is very important from the perspectives of the ABC Company as the company has some unique features, which its competitors do not have (Storey 2014). The cheapest pricing of the lighting products is a feat, which its competitors have not been able to achieve. The ABC Company is directly involved in having imports from the Chinese market. The Chinese market is very cost-effective in terms of raw materials. This is because of the fact that the costing of the lighting products is cheaper and hence the selling prices are cheaper. The post sales support and the cheapest pricing to the lighting product were some of its unique strengths. Moreover, its connectivity to the e-commerce website and the integrated marketing communications might certainly take the company to anothe r level (Stone 2013). Critical reflective analysis The irrespective of the kinds of the development program takes place; its success depends hugely on outcome. The outcome can be categorized as short-term goals and long-term goals. The desired outcome can be measured both on short-term evaluation of the program or on the long-term evaluation of the program. However, this is an undeniable fact that the proposed outcome depends hugely on the customers responses. It is not necessary that the real outcome match up with the expected outcome. The variation is evident; if it is more than the anticipation then it is a huge success. However, the positive territory of the outcome would certainly prove the development program, a successful campaign. Then the expenditures on the development of manager, the inclusion of the e-commerce website platform and the integrated marketing communications would be justified. However, it is very difficult to predict the clear cut success to the campaign. It can also be a loss to the company as well if it doe s not come out as expected. The high investments on the implemented changes would then be a constraint on the ABC Company. Nevertheless, the entire campaign is worth praising. The used tools to measure and assess the success of the development program are very handy and widely popular. The mentioned tools are effective only if the outcome is known. This is the main problem with the development program as it is hard to predict the positive outcome of the program at the very beginning. It is also not easy to predict after the completion of the program. It is only justifiable when the actual results prove to be as expected. However, the actual results would certainly take some high amount of time. I am personally not a very big fan of such tools as these tools are only effective if the results figures are known. However, I am not denying the importance of the tools; I am just telling that these tools are only effective when outcomes are evident. Nevertheless, I personally support the development programs, as these are some good ways to learn something new and challenging. The high-end working at the workpla ce should be associated with the lifelong learning experiences. This is necessary to be competitive in the market and to be equaled responsive to the changing market as like other competitors. The gradual and the regular learning processes for the managers are a good source for the motivation of employees, as the modernized manager would certainly find different ways to motivate its followers. Conclusion HRM initiatives are something that tries to find out the possible solutions to the identified problem related to the organizations and the management. This is done with the help of some necessary tools and processes that governs a smooth flow of the entire operation. In the given assignment, there was problem related to the manager of the ABC Company as the declining sales had attracted everyone towards the possible causes. The meeting with the CEO had then helped by supplying the necessary information regarding the problem. The issue was related to the style of their business, which was more traditional and less modern. The business had its no presence on the e-commerce platform and on the social media. However, the assignment has supplied some necessary tools and processes such as Costs-benefit analysis and ROI, which could actually initiate the new form of business for the ABC Company. References Armstrong, M. and Taylor, S., 2014.Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Armstrong, M. and Taylor, S., 2017.Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Aswathappa, K., 2013.Human resource management: Text and cases. Tata McGraw-Hill Education. Bamberger, P.A., Biron, M. and Meshoulam, I., 2014.Human resource strategy: Formulation, implementation, and impact. Routledge. Berman, E.M., Bowman, J.S., West, J.P. and Van Wart, M.R., 2012.Human resource management in public service: Paradoxes, processes, and problems. Sage. Bratton, J. and Gold, J., 2012.Human resource management: theory and practice. Palgrave Macmillan. Budhwar, P.S. and Debrah, Y.A. eds., 2013.Human resource management in developing countries. Routledge. Delahaye, B., 2015.Human resource development. Tilde Publishing. Flamholtz, E.G., 2012.Human resource accounting: Advances in concepts, methods and applications. Springer Science Business Media. Gil-Aluja, J., 2013.The interactive management of human resources in uncertainty(Vol. 11). Springer Science Business Media. Grant, R.M., 2016.Contemporary strategy analysis: Text and cases edition. John Wiley Sons. Hendry, C., 2012.Human resource management. Routledge. Phillips, J.J., Stone, R. and Phillips, P., 2012.The human resources scorecard. Routledge. Sparrow, P., Brewster, C. and Chung, C., 2016.Globalizing human resource management. Routledge. Stahl, G.K., Bjrkman, I. and Morris, S. eds., 2012.Handbook of research in international human resource management. Edward Elgar Publishing. Stone, R.J., 2013.Managing human resources. John Wiley and Sons. Storey, J., 2014.New Perspectives on Human Resource Management (Routledge Revivals). Routledge. Stredwick, J., 2013.An introduction to human resource management. Routledge. Swart, J., Mann, C., Brown, S. and Price, A., 2012.Human Resource Development. Routledge. Ulrich, D., 2013.Human resource champions: The next agenda for adding value and delivering results. Harvard Business Press.

Standardized Testing free essay sample

Are you one of the many students who cram in hours upon hours of studying the night before an exam that has been stressing you out all week? You wake up the next morning nervous and full of anxiety, just to take the same test as everyone else, under the same conditions as everyone else. Sounds fair right? Well I don’t believe it is, and here’s why. Standardized tests were made to test the knowledge of a student over a particular course or subject. The ACT and SAT, for example, are composed of four multiple choice sections usually including math, english, science and reading. Well here’s the funny thing, everyone is different. Some students thrive at written tests where some students fail. Some students are better at presentations where other students are not. Because of the differences in student’s ability to learn and retain information caused by many different teaching methods and criteria covered, standardized testing has become an unreliable way to measure a student’s knowledge and should be replaced by other means such as using e-portfolios or performance based assessment. We will write a custom essay sample on Standardized Testing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Some of the main problems with standardized tests such as the ACT or the SAT include trying to accurately measure a students knowledge over a particular set of subjects and a phenomenon involving teachers called â€Å"teaching the test†. In a 2013 speech to the American Educational Research Association, Secretary of Education Arne Duncan said â€Å"State assessments in mathematics and English often fail to capture the full spectrum of what students know and can do,† he said. â€Å"Students, parents, and educators know there is much more to a sound education than picking the right answer on a multiple-choice question† (Evans). I completely agree with Arne Duncan on this matter. On a typical standardized test you have about a twenty five percent chance of getting the answer right. Potentially, you could have a student who does not know the material at all, but could guess right on more than half the answers and get credit for it. Being a student who has taken the ACT more than once, I can honestly say I feel like the ACT was a poor representation of my knowledge over the subjects tested on. Now with the phenomenon called â€Å"teaching the test† which is where teachers center their curricula around state tests, students become subject only to material that will be found on the test. This not only causes teachers to lack creativity within the teaching of the course, but also causes students to become limited to learning test taking skills. Even though standardized testing can be harmful to student’s creativity, there are some alternatives to this problem. One alternative to standardized testing, relating to the SAT and ACT, would be the use of electronic portfolios or e-portfolios. Terrel Rhodes, vice president for quality, curriculum, and assessment at the Association of American Colleges and Universities (AACU) says that â€Å"E-portfolios provide a means for collecting assigned work, as well as students accomplishments in non-classroom settings, so that faculty, internship supervisors, and others can assess it and aggregate or disaggregate the results, depending on the purposes of the assessment† (1). Basically e-portfolios would be a collection of student’s individual work throughout the year, organized into a folder that the teacher would have access to at all times. This folder would help the teacher view how each and every student learns and give an overview on how much each student took away from the course, what not to teach in the following years and what to cover more heavily. This alternative is more effective and personal than a standardized multiple choice test because it gives the teacher a chance to personally view how each individual student is progressing throughout the year. In terms of college admissions, if your portfolio was shared with the colleges of your choice, it would allow college admissions to see your progress throughout the year. So instead of just seeing an ACT test score that a student could have potentially guessed on for more than half the answers, they would be able to see a portfolio showing how well equipped and prepared for college the student is. It would be a great way of telling if the student would be a good fit for their program or not. Given the knowledge at hand, I believe e-portfolios would be a great alternative to standardized testing. Another alternative to standardized testing is performance based assessment. â€Å"Performance assessments measure skills such as the ability to integrate knowledge across disciplines, contribute to the work of a group, and develop a plan of action when confronted with a new situation† (Brudali). This differs from standardized testing in the fact that teachers focus more on the process of learning, where standardized testing focuses on the product. Instead of using tests that are multiple choice that require a student to choose the one correct answer, performance based assessment often times uses group projects, hands-on projects, essays and verbal presentations to determine a student’s knowledge and skills over a particular set of subjects. Another advantage to performance assessment is that â€Å"Performance assessments provide teachers with more information about the learning needs of their students and enable them to modify their methods to meet these needs† (Wren). Teachers actually try to assess each and every students learning process and direct the class accordingly, letting students take away more from lectures. Having this type of assessment in high school would benefit students tremendously in college. Having experience with verbal presentations and hands on projects will provide the student a head start with skills you need for college. These skills would be used for interviews, group projects in labs and speeches given throughout the years. Performance based assessment would tremendously benefit and prepare students for college and would be a great alternative to standardized testing. Knowing that there are already proven solutions to standardized testing, let me ask you why you are still taking them? Studies have clearly proven that standardized testing is an inaccurate and unreliable way to display the knowledge of students. Not only that, studies have also proven that different methods such as e-portfolios and the performance based assessments are a more accurate and effective way of displaying a students knowledge over various subjects. So why don’t you take initiative? Join a club like student council, a club where you have a say with what goes on with your school and the decisions being made. Start a petition against standardized testing and let students get involved. Not only that, let your community get involved. Tell your family and friends about the disadvantages of standardized testing and its inability to measure students’ knowledge. There are many ways you can get involved in your school and community to have a say in the decisions being made with problems such as standardized testing. All you have to do is take initiative and act upon it. With all the knowledge at hand, I truly believe standardized testing is a terrible way to reflect a student’s knowledge and there are many alternatives that can be provided in place of it.